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新增单型丝孢烟霉菌属Capnofrasera 3个新种,分别为C.flatbergi、C.hedgeri和C.pacifica.另外,Coc-cosporium aucupariae转移至该属中,后选模式基于其原始插图,并对其认定的有性型给出简要描述.这些物种在形成束丝趋势、分生孢子分支、共轴细胞相对优势、分生孢子细胞及顶延伸、及顶延伸后遗留瘢痕特质以及分生孢子的分隔、大小等方面均有所不同.这个世界性属中的每个物种都有独特的地理分布,并且与特定的树种或灌木相关.本研究说明并描述了丝孢烟霉菌属中的已知物种,包括模式种C．dendryphioides,并提供了一个检索表和关键词以便鉴定.“,”Three new species are added to the previously monotypic hyphomycetous sooty mould genus Capnofrasera,namely C.flatbergi,C.hedgeri and C.pacifica.An additional species,Coccosporium aucupariae,is transferred to Capnofrasera,lectotypified based on its original illustration,and its putative teleomorph is briefly de-scribed.The species differ in their tendency to form synnemata,the branching of their conidiophores,the relative pre-ponderance of sympodial and percurrent extension of their conidiogenous cells,the nature of the scars left by percur-rent extension,and conidium septation and dimensions.Each species in this cosmopolitan genus has a distinctive geo-graphical distribution and a pattern of association with particular trees or shrubs.Known species of Capnofrasera,in-cluding the type species C.dendryphioides,are illustrated and described,and a synoptic table and key are provided to facilitate identification.