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目的了解家蝇和大头金蝇的产卵基质选择行为。方法在实验室的养虫笼内观察家蝇和大头金蝇的产卵基质选择行为;在“Y”形嗅觉仪中观察家蝇成虫的气味选择行为。结果对3种基质进行产卵选择时,家蝇在麦麸、瘦肉和鱼粉中的产卵量分别为86.58%、6.08%和7.34%,前者与后两者的差异有统计学意义(F=162.97;υ=2,15;P<0.01)。而大头金蝇仅在瘦肉上产卵;在双向气味选择的嗅觉仪实验中,当以麦麸为对照时,大多数家蝇和大头金蝇雌雄蝇都选择向瘦肉定位飞行。并且大头金蝇雌雄性对瘦肉的选择率分别为85.02%和72.81%,两性之间的差异有统计学意义(F=8.66;υ=1,18;P<0.01),而家蝇两性之间的差异无统计学意义;当对新鲜的基质和幼虫取食过的基质进行产卵选择时,家蝇在幼虫取食过的麦麸和瘦肉上的产卵量分别为73.43%和57.57%,大头金蝇在幼虫取食过的鱼粉和瘦肉上的产卵量分别为100%和72.88%,并且它们与新鲜基质上的产卵量差异都具有统计学意义。结论产卵基质的气味与同种幼虫遗留的信息物质对家蝇和大头金蝇的产卵选择行为有显著的影响,这对于蝇类引诱剂的开发和提高蝇类产卵量具有一定的指导意义。
Objective To understand the oviposition matrix selection of house flies and gold flies. Methods The behavior of spawning substrates of housefly and goldfly (Megimusha) flies was observed in laboratory cages. The odor selectivity of housefly adults was observed in a “Y” shaped olfactometer. Results The results showed that the fecundity of housefly in wheat bran, lean meat and fish meal were 86.58%, 6.08% and 7.34%, respectively. The differences between the former and the latter were statistically significant (F = 162.97; υ = 2,15; P <0.01). The golden flies, however, only lay their eggs on lean meat. In the olfactory test with bi-directional odor selection, most of the house fly and Drosophila melanogaster fly to lean flies when using wheat bran as a control. And the selectivity rate of lean meat to lean meat was 85.02% and 72.81%, respectively. The difference between the sexes was statistically significant (F = 8.66; υ = 1,18; P <0.01) There was no significant difference between the two groups. When laying substrates on fresh substrate and larvae, the number of eggs laid on larva-fed wheat bran and lean meat was 73.43% and 57.57, respectively %. The numbers of eggs laid on the larvae fed on fishmeal and lean meat were 100% and 72.88%, respectively, and the difference between them and those on the fresh substrate was statistically significant. Conclusion The odor of the oviposition substrate and the informational substances left by the same larvae have a significant effect on the spawning behavior of housefly and goldfly, which may be helpful to the development of flies attractants and the fecundity of flies significance.