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目的:探讨雄性不育杂种优势在桔梗育种中利用的可行性。方法:对一个不育系的F1杂交组合进行了株高、主茎粗度、主茎节数、主根鲜重、鲜主根长、主根上茎、主根中茎等12个农艺性状的方差分析、超标优势分析和相关分析。结果:F1杂交组合除单株地上干重、鲜主根长和根中茎以外,其他的农艺性状组合间差异都达到了显著水平;变异系数最高的农艺性状是根中茎,为85.42%;最低的是主根鲜重与总根鲜重的比值,为3.66%。主根鲜重和总根鲜重的平均超标优势分别为42.35%和45.50%;主根上茎和主根中茎的平均超标优势分别为12.38%和29.97%。地上部生物量与根部生物量相关已达到了显著水平(0.651),主茎节数与6个根部性状中的5个相关都达到了显著水平。结论:桔梗的农艺性状F1杂交组合间变异丰富,根部优势明显,从中可以选出产量和根形表现突出的组合;杂交组合植株的株型合理,主茎节数可以作为根部性状的选择指标。以上表明利用雄性不育的方法在桔梗育种是可行的。
Objective: To investigate the feasibility of using heterosis of male sterility in the breeding of Platycodon grandiflorum. Methods: The variance analysis of 12 agronomic traits such as plant height, main stem diameter, main stem number, main root fresh weight, fresh main root length, main root upper stem and main root stem were conducted on F1 hybrids of a sterile line. Superiority analysis and correlation analysis. Results: The F1 hybrid combinations all reached significant levels except for the above-ground dry weight, fresh-root length and root-stem diameter. The agronomic trait with the highest coefficient of variation was 85.42%, the lowest The ratio of root fresh weight to total root fresh weight was 3.66%. The average overbalanced advantages of the fresh weight of main root and total fresh weight were 42.35% and 45.50%, respectively. The average over-standard advantages of upper root and main root were 12.38% and 29.97% respectively. Above-ground biomass had a significant correlation with root biomass (0.651), and the number of main stems correlated with 5 of 6 root traits both at significant levels. CONCLUSION: The agronomic characters of Campanulaceae F1 hybrids are rich in variety and have obvious root superiority. The combination of yield and root shape can be selected out of them. The plant type and the number of main stems of hybrid combinations can be used as the selection index of root characters. The above shows that the use of male sterility breeding Campanulaceae is feasible.