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目的了解弥渡县砷中毒病情及其危害程度。方法对弥渡县饮用水砷含量超过0.15 mg/L的弥城镇谷芹村委会高芹和高孟营2个村进行地砷病病情调查,砷中毒待诊患者(待诊组)和非饮用高砷水正常对照人群(对照组)发砷、尿砷、水砷含量检测,砷中毒病例排查,与地砷病患病有关的影响因素等。结果共调查成人458人,专家组进一步就诊159人,其中皮肤病患者95人、砷中毒待诊49人、其他15人。待诊组尿砷、发砷、水砷含量中位数分别为173.1μg/L、2.9 mg/kg、0.44 mg/L;对照组尿砷、发砷、水砷含量中位数分别为22.6μg/L、0.6 mg/kg、0.0 mg/L。经秩和检验,两组人群发砷、尿砷、水砷含量差别有统计学意义,待诊组高于对照组。其中待诊组中有29例在非暴露部位存在类似砷中毒轻微皮肤改变为主,且发砷、尿砷含量中位数分别为3.5 mg/kg、237.0μg/L,水砷超标率为96.6%。将29例病例与其他20例待诊病例发砷、尿砷、水砷含量进行秩和检验,两组人群发砷、尿砷、水砷含量差别有统计学意义,29例(疑似砷中毒组)高于其他待诊病例(非中毒组)。结论弥渡县高砷水源分布较广,且水砷含量较高,当弥渡县高芹和高孟营2个村为饮水型地方性砷中毒潜在病区。应在2个村继续开展监测,开展更细致更深入的调查研究。
Objective To understand the condition and the degree of arsenism in Midu County. Methods Arsenic disease was investigated in two villages of Guqin village GuGai village and GaoMengYing village in Mi County, where the arsenic content in drinking water was more than 0.15 mg / L in Midu County. The arsenic poisoning patients (to be diagnosed) Arsenic, urine arsenic, water arsenic content detection, arsenic poisoning cases investigation, influencing factors of endemic arsenicosis and so on, were compared in drinking high arsenic water normal control group (control group). Results A total of 458 adults were investigated. The expert group further visited 159 people, of whom 95 were dermatological patients, 49 were arsenic treated, and 15 others were diagnosed. The median of urinary arsenic, arsenic and water in awaiting diagnosis was 173.1μg / L, 2.9 mg / kg and 0.44 mg / L, respectively. The median of urinary arsenic, arsenic and water in control group was 22.6μg /L, 0.6 mg / kg, 0.0 mg / L. By rank sum test, two groups of arsenic, arsenic, water, arsenic, water arsenic content difference was statistically significant, the waiting group was higher than the control group. Among them, 29 cases in the study group had slight skin changes similar to arsenic poisoning in the non-exposed parts. The median of arsenic and urinary arsenic excretion were 3.5 mg / kg and 237.0 μg / L respectively, and the exceeding standard of water arsenic was 96.6 %. Arsenic, urine arsenic and water were arsenic, urine arsenic, water arsenic, urine arsenic, urine arsenic, water arsenic, urine arsenic, water arsenic content difference between 29 cases and 20 other cases pending treatment were statistically significant, 29 cases ) Higher than other cases to be diagnosed (non-poisoning group). Conclusion The high-arsenic water sources in Midu County are widely distributed and the water arsenic content is relatively high. When two villages of Gaoqin and Gaomengying in Midu County are endemic arsenic poisoning potential areas. Monitoring should be continued in 2 villages to conduct more detailed and in-depth investigations and studies.