目的：探讨甲状腺疾病与免疫功能的关系。方法：用酶联双抗体夹心法对２６例突眼性甲状腺肿（Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病）、２３例桥本氏甲状腺炎、１２例亚急性甲状腺炎、１７例甲状腺机能减退症（以下称甲减症）、５例甲状腺瘤及３０例正常人血清进行了可溶性白细胞介素２受体检测。结果：对照组为２２４５０±９２３０Ｕ／ｍｌ。除甲减症患者外，其它组血清中ｓＩＬ２Ｒ均显著升高（Ｐ＜００１，Ｐ＜００５）。Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病最高为４８３５９±１３６８５Ｕ／ｍｌ，其次为桥本氏甲状腺炎４５９１３±９３０３Ｕ／ｍｌ，甲状腺瘤为３２４６８±１３３０４Ｕ／ｍｌ，亚甲炎为３１２１５±１０８６５Ｕ／ｍｌ，甲减症为１６２９０±８５０３Ｕ／ｍｌ。Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病及甲减症患者血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ均与总三碘甲状腺原胺酸（ｔｏｔａｌｔｒｉｏｌｄｏｔｈｙｒｏｎｉｎｅ，ＴＴ３）呈正相关。结论：除自身免疫外，甲状腺激素水平也是甲状腺疾病患者血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平的的重要调节因素。 Objective: To investigate the relationship between thyroid diseases and immune function. Methods: 26 cases of Graves’ disease, 23 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, 12 cases of subacute thyroiditis, 17 cases of hypothyroidism (hereinafter referred to as hypothyroidism) , 5 cases of thyroid tumors and 30 normal human serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor detection. Results: The control group was 22450 ± 9230U / ml. In addition to patients with hypothyroidism, other groups serum sIL 2R were significantly increased (P <0  01, P <0  05). The highest Graves’ disease was 48359 ± 13685U / ml, followed by Hashimoto’s thyroiditis 45913 ± 9303U / ml, thyroid tumor was 32468 ± 13304U / ml, and the thyroiditis was 312 15 ± 10865U / ml, hypothyroidism was 16290 ± 8503U / ml. Serum sIL 2R in patients with Graves’ disease and hypothyroidism were positively correlated with total tri-myosin (TT3). Conclusion: In addition to autoimmunity, thyroid hormone levels are also important regulators of serum sIL2R levels in patients with thyroid disease.