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一、什么叫三碳植物或四碳植物近代植物光能利用的研究,经历了两个较大的变革时期。在五十年代中叶,卡尔文等人揭示了大多数植物同化 CO_2的机制,即所谓卡尔文循环途径。在这一途径中,因为形成的最初光合产物是磷酸甘油酸,它是一个含有三个碳原子的化合物,所以按卡尔文循环固定 CO_2的植物,就被称做三碳植物。卡尔文循环途径的发现,为六十年代提高作物光能利用的“株型选择育种”奠定了基础。
First, what is the study of the light energy utilization of three-carbon plants or four-carbon plants in modern times, has undergone two major changes. In the mid-1950s, Calvin et al. Revealed the mechanism by which most plants assimilate CO 2, the so-called Calvin cycle. In this approach, because the initial photosynthetic product formed is phosphoglycerate, which is a compound containing three carbon atoms, the plant that holds CO_2 on a Calvin cycle is called a three-carbon plant. The discovery of the Calvin cycle route laid the foundation for plant selection breeding in the 1960s to improve the utilization of crop light energy.