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目的:探讨以慢性腮腺炎为主要表现的小儿HIV感染及艾滋病的临床特征,以为临床治疗提供理论依据。方法:抽取我院在2006年5月到2012年11月期间收集的小儿HIV感染及艾滋病例18例的相关资料,所有患儿均以慢性腮腺炎为主要表现,观察与分析患儿并发症、治疗和转归情况。结果:所有患儿的HIV抗体呈阳性,传播方式都是由血制品、输注感染HIV血液或母婴传播。12例患儿死亡,死亡率为66.7%,其余6例患儿均在治疗当中。结论:母婴传播及血液传播是小儿HIV感染及艾滋病的主要传播途径。要积极采取措施对母婴传播进行阻断,检测高危生育期妇女的HIV,并给予产前或产时药物阻断,及人工喂养等。要加强血液管理,对输血和输血制品临床指征进行严格掌握,有效预防小儿HIV感染及艾滋病。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features of HIV infection and AIDS in children with chronic parotitis as the main manifestation, in order to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment. Methods: The data collected from 18 children with HIV infection and AIDS collected in our hospital from May 2006 to November 2012 were collected. All of the children had chronic parotitis as the main manifestation. The complication, Treatment and outcome. RESULTS: HIV antibodies were positive in all children and were transmitted by blood products, transfusion of HIV blood or by mother-to-child transmission. Twelve patients died with a mortality rate of 66.7%, and the remaining 6 were treated. Conclusion: Mother-to-child transmission and blood transmission are the main routes of transmission of HIV infection and AIDS in children. To take active measures to block mother-to-child transmission, detection of HIV in women at high risk during pregnancy, and give prenatal or intrapartum drug block, and artificial feeding. To strengthen blood management, blood transfusion and blood transfusion products to strictly control the clinical indications, effective prevention of HIV infection in children and AIDS.