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一般说来,轮缘润滑装置有4种:1.曲线部位固定润滑装置,2.安装在机车上的轮缘润滑装置,3.连挂在机车后面的专用润滑车,4.自带动力的独立润滑车。近25年来,联邦德国铁路由于采用了机载轮缘润滑装置,使轮箍的维修量减少了五成以上。而几年前,美国对轮缘润滑尚一无所知。只是认识到:良好的润滑不仅能降低磨耗,而且能大幅度减少滚动摩擦后,才大量使用轮缘润滑装置。使用润滑装置后,燃料节省了15%。为了改善润滑油的附着性能,正在研制新的润滑剂,即把石墨添加剂增加到总体积的12%。另外,过分的润滑则导至轨头的疲劳加快,进而出现裂纹和剥落现象。
In general, there are four kinds of wheel flange lubrication device: 1. Curve part of the fixed lubrication device, 2. Installed in the locomotive wheel flange lubrication device, 3. Even linked to the locomotive behind the special lorry, 4. Self-powered Independent lubrication truck. In the past 25 years, the Federal Republic of Germany has reduced the number of repaired wheel hubs by over 50% due to the use of airborne wheel rim lubrication devices. A few years ago, the United States knew nothing about rim lubrication. Just realized: Good lubrication can not only reduce the wear, but also can greatly reduce the rolling friction, before making extensive use of the flange lubrication device. Fuel savings of 15% after using the lubrication unit. In order to improve the adhesion of lubricating oils, new lubricants are being developed that increase the graphite additive to 12% of the total volume. In addition, excessive lubrication leads to the rail head fatigue accelerated, and then cracks and spalling phenomenon.