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目的:对胎儿期、围产期先心病进行病例对照研究,探讨相关可疑危险因素,为先心病的病因学研究和制定一级预防措施提供依据。方法:选择深圳市2009年在44家产科医院分娩(或引产)的从怀孕开始到产后7天确诊为先天性心脏病的患儿418例为病例组,选择同医院出生的、受孕时间相差3个月内的、无出生缺陷的健康活产儿为对照组,进行问卷调查,收集资料后进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:多因素分析显示,母亲年龄(OR=1.06,95%CI:1.01～1.17)、孕前体质指数(OR=1.01,95%CI:1.01～1.18)、饮茶情况(OR=1.78,95%CI:1.12～2.83)均是先心病的危险因素,而孕早期摄入肉类是先心病的保护因素(OR=0.58,95%CI:0.38～0.88)。结论:应进一步扩大样本量探讨先心病的危险因素,广泛开展健康教育,鼓励适龄生育,孕期控制体重、孕早期注意营养等措施减少先心病发生率。
OBJECTIVE: To carry out a case-control study on fetal and perinatal congenital heart disease and to explore relevant suspicious risk factors to provide evidence for the etiological study of congenital heart disease and the development of primary preventive measures. METHODS: A total of 418 children with congenital heart disease diagnosed as having delivered (or induced abortion) in 44 obstetrics and gynecology hospitals in Shenzhen in 2009 were selected as the case group. The difference was 3 Within months, non-birth defects of healthy live births as a control group, conducted a questionnaire survey, data were collected after univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that the age of the mother (OR = 1.06,95% CI: 1.01-1.17), body mass index before pregnancy (OR = 1.01,95% CI: 1.01-1.18) CI: 1.12-2.83) were risk factors for congenital heart disease. However, intake of meat in early pregnancy was a protective factor for congenital heart disease (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38-0.88). Conclusion: We should further expand the sample size to explore the risk factors for congenital heart disease, to carry out health education extensively, to encourage childbearing age, weight control during pregnancy, early nutrition awareness and other measures to reduce the incidence of congenital heart disease.