目的探讨哈尔滨市0~3岁儿童婴幼儿佝偻病发病的影响因素。方法调查佝偻病及发病相关因素,运用Logistic回归对资料进行单因素及多因素分析。结果患病率为48.2%,佝偻病的发病与性别、年龄组之间差异无统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示佝偻病的影响因素包括母乳喂养、母孕末期补钙和维生素D、儿童补钙和维生素D、经常户外活动每天大于1 h、母亲高学历、经常补锌、多喝牛奶每天>250 ml。结论哈尔滨地区0~3岁儿童佝偻病的患病率为48.2%,患病率高于全国其他地区。 Objective To investigate the influencing factors of infant rickets in children aged 0 ~ 3 years in Harbin. Methods Rickets and related factors were investigated. Logistic regression was used to analyze the data by single factor and multivariate analysis. Results The prevalence was 48.2%. There was no significant difference between the incidence of rickets and sex and age groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of rickets were breastfeeding, calcium and vitamin D at the end of pregnancy, calcium supplementation and vitamin D in children, frequent outdoor activities more than 1 h everyday, high mothers’ education, frequent zinc supplementation and drinking more milk Every day> 250 ml. Conclusion The prevalence of rickets in children aged 0 ~ 3 years in Harbin is 48.2%, the prevalence is higher than that in other parts of the country.