随着我国改革开放步伐的加快,我国经济的整体开放性也在增强,我国商业正在阔步地走向国际市场。我国商业发展外向型经营问题开始引起人们的普遍关注。一、对内外贸相隔离的旧体制的反思现在,世界上绝大多数国家的内外贸是合一的,我国建国初期内外贸也是合一的。那时,中央成立贸易部,既管内贸,又管外贸,即集内外贸于一身。不久,就承袭苏联模式,于1952年8月,把中央贸易部一分为二,设立中央商业部和中央对外贸易部,前者单纯经营内贸,后者单纯经营外贸,实行对外贸易垄断制。内外贸的这种分工,在当时的历史条件下是必要的,也起了积极的作用。但是,随着我国对外开放政策的深入贯彻,对外经济贸易关系发展迅速,各行业的外向度都在加强,内外 With the acceleration of the pace of reform and opening up in China, the overall openness of China’s economy is also increasing. China’s commerce is striding toward the international market. The issue of outward-oriented business development in China’s business has begun to attract widespread attention. I. Rethinking the Old System with Isolation of Domestic and Foreign Trades Nowadays, the foreign trade of most countries in the world is one, and China’s foreign trade is also united in the early days of its founding. At that time, the Central Government established the Ministry of Trade to control domestic trade as well as foreign trade, that is, to integrate domestic and foreign trade. Soon afterwards, it inherited the Soviet Union model. In August 1952, the Central Trade Department was divided into two and the Central Commerce Department and the Central Foreign Trade Department were established. The former operated purely domestic trade while the latter simply operated foreign trade and implemented a foreign trade monopoly. This division of labor in foreign trade was necessary under the historical conditions at that time and it also played an active role. However, with the in-depth implementation of China’s open-door policy, foreign economic and trade relations have developed rapidly, and the outward direction of various industries has been strengthened.