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目的了解赣州市2008-2012年恙虫病流行特点,为制定合理有效的防制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学的方法分析国家疾病监测信息管理系统2008-2012年恙虫病监测数据以及361例恙虫病例外斐式试验数据。结果 2008-2012年赣州市共报告恙虫病病例402例,报告发病率为0.98/10万,其中2012年发病率最高,达2.34/10万,呈逐年升高趋势(x2趋势=196.47,P<0.001);各县区均有病例报告,2008-2012年有病例报告的县区分别为9(50.00%)、14(77.78%)、15(83.33%)、15(83.33%)、17(94.44%)个,区域逐渐扩大(x2趋势=9.19,P=0.002);夏秋季为发病高峰,6~10月份发病占90.05%;女性发病高于男性(x2趋势=33.97,P<0.001),男女性别比为1∶1.73;不同年龄组发病率间差异有统计学意义(x2=485.30,P<0.001),35岁以上人群占85.07%,55~岁年龄组发病数、发病水平均最高;职业主要以农民为主,占发病总数的81.59%;361例疑似或临床诊断病例单份血清标本行外斐氏试验,阳性率为75.35%。结论赣州市恙虫病发病水平逐年升高,流行区域在扩大,应加强防制工作。在流行季节开展针对农民等重点人群的健康宣传教育工作,降低恙虫病发病水平。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of tsutsugamushi disease in Ganzhou from 2008 to 2012 and provide a scientific basis for making reasonable and effective prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the surveillance data of scrub typhus from 2008 to 2012 in the National Disease Surveillance Information Management System and 361 cases of tsutsugamushi exceptionally. Results A total of 402 cases of tsutsugamushi disease were reported in Ganzhou from 2008 to 2012, with a reported incidence of 0.98 / 100 000. Among them, the highest incidence was 2.34 / 100 000 in 2012, showing an increasing trend year by year (x2 trend = 196.47, P < 0.001). There were case reports in all counties and districts. The counties with reported cases from 2008 to 2012 were 9 (50.00%), 14 (77.78%), 15 (83.33%), 15 (X2 trend = 9.19, P = 0.002). The peak incidence in summer and autumn was 90.05% in June-October. The incidence of female was higher than that in male (x2 trend = 33.97, P <0.001) The sex ratio was 1: 1.73; the incidence of different age groups had significant difference (x2 = 485.30, P <0.001), 85.07% of people over 35 years of age, and the incidence and incidence of disease in 55 ~ Mainly farmers, accounting for 81.59% of the total number of cases; 361 cases of suspected or clinically diagnosed single serum samples outside the line Peijiasma test, the positive rate was 75.35%. Conclusion The incidence of tsutsugamushi disease in Ganzhou City is increasing year by year, and the epidemic area is expanding. Therefore, the prevention and control work should be strengthened. Conduct publicity and education on health promotion of key populations such as peasants in the popular season and reduce the incidence of scrub typhus.