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以桂西南典型喀斯特地区不同土地利用方式(裸地、农田、荒草地、灌丛和次生林)为对象,研究不同土地利用方式下土壤酶活性的变化规律。结果表明:土地利用方式对土壤酶活性影响显著,除蔗糖酶外,脲酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶和纤维素酶总体变化规律相似,次生林土壤酶活性显著高于其它土地利用方式,其次是灌丛和农田,荒草地较低,裸地酶活性最低;总体上相同土地利用方式下湿季酶活性高于干季。相关性分析表明土壤脲酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶、碱性磷酸酶、纤维素酶和多酚氧化酶等相互之间关系密切,并与土壤主要养分含量呈显著相关性,是土壤质量评价的一个参考指标。不同土地利用方式下土壤微环境、植被构成等因素导致了土壤酶活性的差异性。为实现桂西南岩溶山地生态系统的健康发展,在目前人为干扰不可避免的情况下,该区域应尽量选择以林地恢复为主的土地利用方式。
Taking the different land use types (bare land, farmland, weeds, shrubs and secondary forests) of the typical karst area in southwestern Guangxi as the object, this paper studied the changes of soil enzyme activities under different land use patterns. The results showed that the land use patterns had a significant effect on soil enzyme activities. In addition to invertase, the overall changes of urease, protease, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase and cellulase Similarly, the soil enzyme activities in secondary forests were significantly higher than those in other land uses, followed by shrubs and farmlands, lowland weeds, and lowest enzyme activities in bare land. Generally, the enzyme activities in wet season were higher in dry land under the same land use. Correlation analysis showed that soil urease, protease, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, cellulase and polyphenol oxidase were closely related to each other and had significant correlation with soil nutrient content, which was a reference for soil quality evaluation index. Under different land use patterns, soil microenvironment, vegetation composition and other factors led to differences in soil enzyme activity. In order to realize the healthy development of karst mountain ecosystems in the southwest of Guangxi, under the circumstance of unavoidable man-made disturbance at present, the land use mode that mainly restores forestland should be selected in this area.