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目的了解2010-2012年郑州市美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊吸毒人群中,艾滋病病毒(HIV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、梅毒螺旋体(TP)的感染情况。方法以郑州市2个MMT门诊吸毒人群入组3年的病例为研究对象,分析其HIV、HCV和梅毒抗体的血清学检测结果。结果 2010-2012年,共有681名吸毒人员接受检测,HIV、HCV、梅毒抗体阳性率分别为1.62%(11/681)、9.10%(62/681)、2.06%(14/681)。男性HCV感染比例为61.29%(38/62)高于女性的38.71%(24/62),(χ2=8.58,P=0.003);HIV、HCV感染的年龄分布存在差异(χ2=13.05,P=0.01,χ2=7.95,P=0.04)。注射吸毒途径病原体感染率高于口吸与其他两种途径(P<0.05)。3年HIV感染率分别为2.17%(3/138)、3.43%(6/175)、0.54%(2/368),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HCV的感染率分别为7.97%(11/138)、9.71%(17/175)、9.24%(34/368);梅毒的感染率分别为2.17%(3/138)、3.43%(6/175)、1.36%(5/368)。各年HIV/HCV、HIV/TP、HIV/HCV/TP三种合并感染形式的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论河南省郑州市MMT门诊吸毒人群近3年HIV、HCV、梅毒感染趋势平稳,应加强注射吸毒途径人群的管理,防止各类疾病的传播。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of HIV, HCV and TP in the outpatients of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Zhengzhou from 2010 to 2012. Methods A case-control study was conducted in two MMT outpatient drug abusers in Zhengzhou City for three years. The serological test results of HIV, HCV and syphilis antibodies were analyzed. Results A total of 681 drug addicts were tested in 2010-2012. The positive rates of HIV, HCV and syphilis were 1.62% (11/681), 9.10% (62/681) and 2.06% (14/681), respectively. The prevalence of HCV infection in men was 61.29% (38/62) higher than that in women (38.71%, 24/62) (χ2 = 8.58, P = 0.003) 0.01, χ2 = 7.95, P = 0.04). The infection rate of pathogen in injection route was higher than that of oral intake and the other two ways (P <0.05). The rates of HIV infection in three years were 2.17% (3/138), 3.43% (6/175) and 0.54% (2/368) respectively, with significant difference (P <0.05). The infection rates of HCV were 7.97% (11/138), 9.71% (17/175) and 9.24% (34/368) respectively. The infection rates of syphilis were 2.17% (3/138), 3.43% (6/175), 1.36% (5/368) ). There was no significant difference in the three forms of combined infection of HIV / HCV, HIV / TP and HIV / HCV / TP in each year (P> 0.05). Conclusion In recent 3 years, HIV, HCV and syphilis infections among MMT outpatients in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province have shown a stable trend. The population of injecting drug users should be strengthened to prevent the spread of various diseases.