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目的了解、分析大学生心理危机状况。方法运用自编问卷对1 390名1~3年级本科大学生进行随机抽样调查。结果①44.4%的学生认为在大学生活中经历过心理危机,发生比率与性别无关;②引发心理危机的事件由高到低依次为学习、人际交往、恋爱、新生适应、就业等;③陷入心理危机时,59.6%的学生曾求助于他人,但38.7%的学生未寻求社会支持。同学、朋友和家人是主要求助对象;④在心理危机中近1/4的学生出现过自杀(伤)、杀(伤)人等想法或行为;⑤经历过心理危机的学生中近30%的认为危机在内心留下了阴影或伤痕,甚至承认危机直接导致了心理障碍或不良事件的发生。结论心理危机已经成为大学生中比较普遍的现象,学习问题和人际关系成为引发心理危机的主要生活事件,高校要重视提高学生的求助意识和能力、防止心理危机可能造成的危害。
Objective To understand and analyze the psychological crisis of college students. Methods A random sample of 1390 undergraduates aged 1-3 years was conducted by self-made questionnaire. Results ①44.4% of the students think that they experienced psychological crisis in college life, and the occurrence rate has nothing to do with gender. ② The events leading to psychological crisis are learning, interpersonal communication, love, freshmen adaptation, employment, etc. from high to low. In the psychological crisis, 59.6% of students turned to others, but 38.7% of students did not seek social support. Students, friends and family members are the main objects of help; ④ nearly one quarter of the students in the psychological crisis have suicidal (or injured) or killed (injured) people; and (5) nearly 30% of students who have experienced psychological crisis They think that the crisis has left a shadow or scar in their heart, and even admitted that the crisis directly led to psychological disorders or adverse events. Conclusions Psychological crisis has become a common phenomenon among college students. Learning problems and interpersonal relationships have become the major life events that cause psychological crisis. Colleges and universities should attach importance to improving students’ awareness and ability to seek help and prevent possible harm from psychological crisis.