一、呼吸衰竭的概念及其处理原则呼吸衰竭是呼吸功能严重障碍,缺O_2和/或CO_2潴留所致的生理功能和代谢紊乱的临床综合征。临床上呼吸衰竭有急性和慢性之分。急性呼吸衰竭是指某些突发因素如溺水、电击、药物中毒、抑制呼吸中枢;肺组织或呼吸道急性物理或化学创伤;休克、创伤或外科手术后引起肺组织病理变化(所谓成人呼吸窘迫综合征)以及神经性呼吸肌麻痹等,使原来正常的呼吸功能突然衰竭的临床情况。慢性呼吸衰竭多继发于 First, the concept of respiratory failure and its handling principles Respiratory failure is a serious respiratory dysfunction, lack of O_2 and / or CO_2 retention caused by physiological function and metabolic syndrome clinical syndrome. Clinical respiratory failure has acute and chronic points. Acute respiratory failure refers to certain unexpected factors such as drowning, electric shock, drug poisoning, respiratory depression inhibition; acute physical or chemical trauma in lung or respiratory tract; pathological changes of lung tissue after shock, trauma or surgery (so-called adult respiratory distress syndrome Levy) and neuropathic paralysis, so that the original normal respiratory failure clinical situation. Chronic respiratory failure and more secondary to