利用凝胶剂预防内因火灾的方法是由东方煤矿安全科学研究所研制和提出的,该方法成功地用于卡拉干达煤田的各矿井中。凝胶剂含有水玻璃、硫酸铵(氯化铵)或碳酸氢钠和水。在将它们混合的过程中形成稳定的凝胶。改变凝胶剂中试剂的比例和浓度,可以在大范围内改变和调节凝胶剂的凝结时间。因凝胶剂的初始粘度接近于水的粘度,所以在变稠之前,它能够渗进堆积于采空区的煤岩块之间的细小裂隙,以及煤柱变形产生的微小裂隙。 The use of gelling agents to prevent internal fires was developed and proposed by the Institute of Safety Science of Dongfang Coal Mine. The method was successfully applied to all mines in Kalaganda coalfield. The gel contains water glass, ammonium sulfate (ammonium chloride) or sodium bicarbonate and water. A stable gel forms during their mixing. Changing the ratio and concentration of the reagent in the gel allows for a wide range of changes and adjustments to the gel setting time. Because of its initial viscosity close to the viscosity of water, the gelling agent can penetrate into small cracks between coal blocks deposited in the goaf and tiny cracks in the coal column before it gets thicker.