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热是滅菌最有效的物理因子。干热的效力不如湿热;因干热攝取蛋白質的水分,使凝固力發生改变。如果蛋白質的含水量多,用較低的热即能使其凝固。細菌接触干热后,在其凝固致死前,水量減少很多,如果完全脫水,則需加热到焦灼的程度才能毁滅牠。用湿热时,除在同一温度較干热有較大的实际效率外,还有較大的穿透力,因此滅菌效果較好。湿热滅菌有煮沸、不加压的蒸汽和高压蒸汽法。前兩法的温度都在攝氏100度左右,高压蒸汽的温度則可
Heat is the most effective physical factor for sterilization. The effectiveness of dry heat is not as good as damp heat; due to dry heat up the protein moisture, so that the coagulation force changes. If the protein has a high water content, it can be frozen with lower heat. After the bacteria contact with the dry heat, the amount of water is greatly reduced before it is allowed to solidify, and if it is completely dehydrated, it needs to be heated to the extent of anxiety before it can be destroyed. With damp heat, in addition to dry heat in the same temperature greater than the actual efficiency, but also greater penetration, so the sterilization effect is better. Wet heat sterilization with boiling, no pressure steam and high pressure steam method. The temperature of the first two methods are about 100 degrees Celsius, high-pressure steam temperature can be