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高速度建设现代化农业必须建立高产、稳产、优质、低耗的最优耕作制及良性循环的农田生态系统。从这点出发,笔者对鉴江平原的耕作制度的经济效益及其对土壤肥力的影响进行了粗浅的探讨。 一、鉴江平原的农田生态环境 鉴江平原位于湛江地区东南部,包括吴川、茂名和高州、化州、电白的南部共42个公社,耕地面积134.1万亩。每个农业人口占有耕地0.33亩,人多田少,为花生、黄麻作物产地。 本区气候温和,雨量充沛,热量丰富。年降雨量1639毫米,但分布不匀,干湿季节明显。每年4至10月份为雨季、占年降雨量92.5％,暴雨期集中在6至8月,降雨量约占70％,冬春季多风少雨,蒸发强烈。春旱、夏涝、风害多。年平均气温23.3℃,>0℃活动积温8332.9℃,>10℃积温8248.4℃,持续358天,无霜期320天,有利于一年三熟。年太阳辐射总量为111,976.6卡/平方厘米。
To build a modern agriculture at a high speed, we must establish an optimal cropping system and a virtuous circle farmland ecosystem with high yield, stable yield, high quality and low consumption. From this point of departure, the author conducted a superficial discussion on the economic benefits of the farming system in the Jianghu Plain and its impact on soil fertility. I. The Ecological Environment of Farmland in Jianghu Plain The Jianghu Plain lies in the southeast of Zhanjiang. It covers a total of 42 communes in Wuchuan, Maoming and Gaozhou, Huazhou and Dianbai, and covers an area of 1.341 million mu. Each agricultural population occupies 0.33 acres of arable land, people more fields less, for the peanut, jute crop origin. This area has a mild climate with abundant rainfall and abundant heat. Annual rainfall of 1639 mm, but unevenly distributed, wet and dry seasons. April to October each year for the rainy season, accounting for 92.5% of annual rainfall, heavy rain concentrated in June to August, about 70% of rainfall, windy and rainy winter and spring, strong evaporation. Spring drought, summer floods, wind damage and more. The annual average temperature of 23.3 ℃,> 0 ℃ active accumulated temperature of 8332.9 ℃,> 10 ℃ accumulated temperature of 8248.4 ℃ for 358 days, frost-free period of 320 days, is conducive to three crops a year. The total annual solar radiation is 111,976.6 cards / square centimeter.