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介绍美国GA、Magplane、Maglev2000、M3和AMT等5种新型结构磁悬浮交通技术的研究发展概况、结构原理和技术特点。GA采用永磁EDS型悬浮和LSM牵引,悬浮间隙2．5 cm;Magplane 的原理和GA类似,但采用大块永久磁铁,使悬浮间隙达10 cm左右;Maglev2000发展了四极超导磁铁和电磁道岔;M3采用电磁永磁混合EMS悬浮,以增大间隙和减小功耗;AMT采用了新型EMS结构。这些方案各具特色,创新明显,对于发展我国磁悬浮交通技术具有启发作用。
This paper introduces the research development, structural principle and technical features of five new types of magnetic levitation transportation technology such as GA, Magplane, Maglev2000, M3 and AMT in the United States. GA adopts permanent magnetic EDS-type levitation and LSM traction with a 2.5-inch floating gap; the principle of Magplane is similar to that of GA, but a large permanent magnet is used to make the floating gap reach about 10 cm; Maglev2000 develops a quadrupole superconducting magnet and an electromagnetic Turnout; M3 using electromagnetic permanent magnet hybrid EMS suspension to increase the gap and reduce power consumption; AMT uses a new EMS structure. Each of these programs has its own characteristics and obvious innovation, which has the inspiration for the development of China’s magnetic levitation transportation technology.