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目的研究住院患者泌尿道感染病原菌构成特点和耐药性,为感染防控和合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法通过回顾性分析方法,对某医院住院患者泌尿道感染病原学标本检测阳性结果及药敏监测资料进行分析。结果该医院住院患者泌尿道感染病原菌中,革兰阴性菌占50.98%,革兰阳性菌占43.41%,真菌占5.61%。以大肠埃希菌和粪肠球菌分居前2位。泌尿道分离的病原菌除真菌外,对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药率均在40%以上,且出现了碳青霉烯类耐药菌株。泌尿道感染粪肠球菌对多数抗菌药的耐药率在75%以上,且出现了耐万古霉素菌株。部分真菌对氟脲嘧啶的耐药率达到70%以上。结论住院患者泌尿道感染病原菌以大肠埃希菌和粪肠球菌为主,耐药现象严重,出现耐碳青霉烯类和万古霉素菌株,应重点加强监测和药敏试验。
Objective To study the characteristics and drug resistance of pathogens in urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients, and to provide basis for prevention and control of infection and rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods The retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the positive results and drug susceptibility monitoring data of urinary tract infection inpatients in a hospital. Results The prevalence of urinary tract infections in hospital was 50.98% for gram-negative bacteria, 43.41% for gram-positive bacteria and 5.61% for fungi. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis ranked the first two. In addition to fungi, pathogenic bacteria isolated from urinary tract were more than 40% resistant to commonly used antibiotics, and carbapenem-resistant strains appeared. Urinary tract infections Enterococcus faecalis most antibacterial drug resistance rate of 75% or more, and the emergence of vancomycin-resistant strains. Some fungi Fluorouracil resistance rate reached 70%. Conclusions The pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients are mainly Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis, and the resistance is serious. The strains resistant to carbapenems and vancomycin appear, and the monitoring and drug sensitivity test should be emphasized.