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为研究慢性砷中毒对大鼠肾脏超微结构的影响,将30只健康成年清洁级SD大鼠随机分为高(10.0 mg/kg)、低(0.4 mg/kg)剂量砷染毒组和对照(蒸馏水)组,每组10只,雌雄各半。采用经口自由饮水方式进行染毒,日饮水量约为200 ml/kg,连续染毒4个月。染毒结束后,测定体重、尿砷及血砷含量,观察肾脏的超微结构。结果显示,与对照组比较,高、低剂量砷染毒组大鼠体重下降,尿砷和血砷含量较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);与低剂量砷染毒组比较,高剂量砷染毒组大鼠体重较低,尿砷和血砷含量较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。且随着砷染毒剂量的升高,大鼠体重呈下降趋势,尿砷和血砷含量均呈上升趋势。光镜下,砷中毒大鼠部分肾小球毛细血管充血,内皮肿胀,肾小球细胞核固缩,染色深,近曲小管上皮细胞空泡样变。电镜下,肾小球细胞核不规则,异染色质增多,足细胞部分足突融合及消失,基底膜增厚,线粒体肿胀,内质网扩张,出现空泡。提示慢性砷中毒可引起大鼠肾脏超微结构的改变。
In order to study the effects of chronic arsenic poisoning on renal ultrastructure in rats, 30 healthy adult rats were randomly divided into high (10.0 mg / kg) and low (0.4 mg / kg) doses of arsenic and control (Distilled water) group, each group of 10, male and female. Oral use of free drinking water exposure, daily drinking water is about 200 ml / kg, continuous exposure to 4 months. After the end of the exposure, body weight, urine arsenic and blood arsenic were measured to observe the ultrastructure of the kidney. The results showed that compared with the control group, the rats in high and low dose arsenic exposure groups had lower weight, higher levels of urinary arsenic and blood arsenic, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01); compared with the low-dose arsenic poisoning group Rats in high dose arsenic exposure group had lower body weight, higher urinary arsenic and blood arsenic levels, with significant differences (P <0.05 or P <0.01). And with the arsenic dose increased, the body weight of rats showed a downward trend, urinary arsenic and blood arsenic levels showed an upward trend. Light microscope, arsenic poisoning rat glomerular capillary congestion, endothelial swelling, glomerular nuclear pyknosis, deep staining, proximal convoluted tubular epithelial cells vacuolated. Electron microscopy, irregular glomerular nucleus, heterochromatin increased, podocyte foot process fusion and disappearance of the basement membrane thickening, swelling of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum expansion, the emergence of vacuoles. Tip chronic arsenic poisoning can cause changes in rat renal ultrastructure.