我院从1960年1月～1987年12月共收治结核性渗出性胸膜炎(结胸)843例,其中60岁以上47例(5.6％)。为探讨老年结胸的特点,与同期青壮年结胸47例进行对照分析;老年人处于癌性胸水好发时期,本文结合文献对两者的鉴别诊断进行讨论。 1 临床资料 1.1 一般资料 男性37例,女性10例,年龄60～80岁,平均66.5岁。病程3天～1年,平均57.8天。对照组年龄15～53岁,平均26.8岁,病程5天～7个月,平均38.9天。 1.2 诊断依据 根据症状、胸腔积液体征、胸片改变、胸水性质及抗结核治疗胸水吸收作出诊断。13例作胸水涂片结核菌均为阴性。痰抗酸染色亦阴性。 1.3 主要症状和体征 以咳嗽、咳痰、胸痛、发 843 cases of tuberculous exudative pleurisy were received in our hospital from January 1960 to December 1987, of which 47 cases were over the age of 60 (5.6%). In order to explore the characteristics of elderly patients with cerclage, with the same period, 47 cases of young adults with colorectal cancer control analysis; elderly in the pleural effusion of cancerous period, this article combined with the literature on the differential diagnosis of the two discussed. 1 Clinical data 1.1 General Information 37 males and 10 females, aged 60 to 80 years, mean 66.5 years old. Duration of 3 days to 1 year, an average of 57.8 days. Control group aged 15 to 53 years, mean 26.8 years, duration of 5 days to 7 months, an average of 38.9 days. 1.2 based on the diagnosis based on symptoms, signs of pleural effusion, chest X-ray changes, pleural effusion and anti-tuberculosis treatment of pleural fluid to make a diagnosis of absorption. 13 cases of pleural effusion smear tuberculosis were negative. Phlegm acid-negative staining is also negative. 1.3 The main symptoms and signs to cough, sputum, chest pain, hair