本文通过田间定位试验研究了不同钾肥对浙江省几种主要蔬菜作物收获产量和品质的影响，并对不同处理土壤的钾素平衡状况作了探讨。结果表明：施用钾肥对供试的５种蔬菜作物均有极显著（Ｐ＜００１）的增产效果，增产幅度分别为：洋葱３５５～８３５ｔ／ｈｍ２、甘蓝１３９５～２１６５ｔ／ｈｍ２、青菜１３２５～２１２５ｔ／ｈｍ２、芋艿４８０～１２００ｔ／ｈｍ２、花椰菜３２５～９６５ｔ／ｈｍ２。增施钾肥能有效地改善蔬菜的品质，主要表现在Ｖｃ含量提高，ＮＯ３－含量降低及洋葱鳞茎中游离氨基酸含量增加等。结果还表明，在较高的施钾水平下，硫酸钾的增产效应和改善品质的作用均优于氯化钾。然而，施用两种钾肥均有可能导致耕层土壤的酸化和缓效钾亏缺，生产上应尽量予以避免 In this paper, field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different potash fertilizers on yield and quality of several main vegetable crops in Zhejiang Province. Potassium balance in different soils was also discussed. The results showed that the yield of five kinds of vegetable crops were significantly increased (P <001) by applying potassium fertilizer, the increasing rates were: 355 ~ 835 t / hm2 for onion, 1395 ~ 21 for cabbage  65t / hm2, vegetables 1325 ~ 2125t / hm2, taro  480 ~ 1200t / hm2, broccoli 3  25 ~ 965t / hm2. Increasing potassium fertilizer can effectively improve the quality of vegetables, mainly in the Vc content increased, NO3- content decreased and onion free amino acid content increased. The results also showed that at higher potassium levels, potassium sulfate production yield and quality improvement are better than potassium chloride. However, application of both potash fertilizers may result in acidification and slow-acting potassium deficiency in the topsoil and should be avoided as far as possible in production