鼠疫是一种由跳蚤传播、主要侵袭小哺乳动物的细菌性感染。该病的地理分布很局限,偶尔,病原体鼠疫菌通过感染的跳蚤叮咬感染人类。人类鼠疫是一种严重疾病,败血症鼠疫和肺鼠疫。如果不早期治疗,肺鼠疫通常是致命疾病,人与人直接接触传染能引起恐惧的流行。为此,需要及时治疗鼠疫病例,同时积极进行公共卫生应急反应。1病例报告2010年1月1日至2015年12月31日,全球报告的人类鼠疫病例总数为3248例,死亡584例 Plague is a bacterial infection transmitted by fleas that affects mainly small mammals. The geographical distribution of the disease is very limited, and occasionally, the pathogen Yersinia pestis infects humans through infected flea bites. The human plague is a serious disease, septicemia and pneumonic plague. Without early treatment, pneumonic plague is often a fatal disease, and direct human-to-human transmission can cause pandemics. To this end, the timely treatment of plague cases, and actively carry out public health emergency response. 1 Case Report From January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015, the total number of human plague cases reported in the world was 3248 and 584