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目的:了解东莞市2010年新型H1N1流感病毒的流行情况及疫苗免疫效果,为新型H1N1流感病毒的防控提供依据。方法:采集临床疑似流感病例的咽拭子分泌物,用荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测核酸。采集接种新型H1N1疫苗前后双份血清,用血凝抑制实验检测新型H1N1抗体滴度。结果:全年共检测1811份样品,新型H1N1阳性103例,阳性率为5.39%,男女之间的检测阳性率有显著性差异,女性高于男性(χ2=4.351,P=0.037)。病例数最多的年龄组为15岁～24岁和25岁～40岁,分别为32例和26例。发病高峰在1月份,阳性病例数为58份,占全年总阳性例数的56.31%。疫苗接种前后,几何平均滴度(GMT)增长14.09倍,免疫成功率为76.32%。结论:2010年东莞市新型H1N1流感病毒流行情况较2009年发生较大的改变,新型H1N1流感疫苗有很好的免疫效果,能使大部分接种对象产生有效的抗体。
Objective: To understand the epidemic situation of 2010 new H1N1 influenza virus in Dongguan City and the vaccine immunization effect, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of the new H1N1 influenza virus. Methods: Throat swab secretions in clinical suspicious influenza cases were collected and nucleic acids were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. The serum samples were collected before and after inoculation of the new H1N1 vaccine, and the titer of the novel H1N1 antibody was tested by the hemagglutination inhibition test. Results: A total of 1811 samples were tested during the year. The positive rate of new H1N1 was 103%. The positive rate was 5.39%. There was a significant difference between male and female. The positive rate of female was higher than that of male (χ2 = 4.351, P = 0.037). The highest number of cases in the age group was 15 years old to 24 years old and 25 years old to 40 years old, respectively, 32 cases and 26 cases. Peak incidence in January, the number of positive cases was 58, accounting for 56.31% of the total number of positive cases throughout the year. Before and after vaccination, the geometric mean titer (GMT) increased 14.09 times, the immune success rate was 76.32%. Conclusion: The prevalence of the new H1N1 influenza virus in Dongguan City in 2010 has been greatly changed from 2009, and the new H1N1 influenza vaccine has a good immunization effect and enables most vaccinated subjects to produce effective antibodies.