人民公社在中国的骤兴是由领导者急于过渡心理的驱动、阶级斗争所形成的政治压力的推动及公社化运动迎合小农的平均主义心理等因素促成的。而其迅速瓦解则是由于人民公社的平均主义行为严重挫伤人民群众的积极性、创造性 ,公社化运动存在明显的空想色彩 ,实质是一种反现代化的运动 ,忽视了农村社会主体农民的生存和发展需求等因素共同作用的结果 The sudden rise of the people’s commune in China was prompted by such factors as the eagerness of the leaders in transitional transition, the political pressure created by the class struggle, and the communist movement to cater to the average communist psychology of smallholders. However, its rapid collapse was due to the egalitarian behavior of the people’s commune that severely dampened the enthusiasm of the masses. There was a clear vision in creative and communalized movements. In essence, it was an anti-modernization movement, neglecting the survival and development of rural social peasants Demand and other factors result together