本文通过分析威廉·亚当斯的《人类学的哲学之根》所阐明的理论意识,揭示美国人类学起源、发展的理论基础。中国人类学发展之初接受了西方的学术传统,但受到西方思想熏陶和方法训练的人类学家回国后将自己的所学运用到中国这个有着悠久历史的国度,受到国内诸因素的影响,形成了具有中国特色的人类学。 By analyzing William Adams’ “Philosophical Roots of Anthropology”, the thesis reveals the theoretical basis of the origin and development of American anthropology. At the beginning of the development of Chinese anthropology, it accepted the Western academic tradition. However, anthropologists trained by the Western ideology and methods applied their own knowledge to China, a country with a long history, after being returned to China. Influenced by various domestic factors, anthropologists Anthropology with Chinese characteristics.