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目的探讨极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)部分相关并发症,提高其存活率及生活质量。方法对2011—2012年收治的78例极低出生体重儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。按胎龄及体重各分为二组。结果 78例极低出生体重儿住院期间并发症发生率为:新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)32例(41.0%),呼吸暂停25例(32.0%),血糖异常32例(41.0%),脑室内出血(IVH)16例(20.5%),病理性黄疸33例(42.3%),新生儿感染12例(15.3%)。NRDS、呼吸暂停、IVH、新生儿感染的发生率随胎龄和体重的减小,并发症的发生率越高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);其余并发症的发生率在不同胎龄和体重的组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)应预防各种并发症并针对性治疗及随访,防止院内感染,提高生存率及远期生活质量。
Objective To investigate the related complications of VLBWI and to improve its survival rate and quality of life. Methods The clinical data of 78 children with very low birth weight who were admitted to our hospital from 2011 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. According to gestational age and weight divided into two groups. Results The incidence of complications in 78 cases of very low birth weight infants was 32 cases (41.0%) of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), 32 cases of apnea (32.0%), 32 cases of abnormal blood glucose (41.0% 16 cases (20.5%) had intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), 33 cases (42.3%) had pathological jaundice and 12 cases (15.3%) had neonatal infection. The incidence of NRDS, apnea, IVH and neonatal infection decreased with gestational age and body weight, the higher the incidence of complications, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); the incidence of other complications were different There was no significant difference in gestational age and body weight between groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions VLBWI should prevent various complications and targeted treatment and follow-up, prevent nosocomial infection, improve survival and long-term quality of life.