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被害人过错是多部刑事法律文件中规定的一个重要的量刑情节,但由于其并非法定量刑情节,作为酌定量刑情节缺乏统一的认定尺度,公检法对该情节的重视程度不够等原因导致司法实践中认定困难,且易导致量刑失衡。应将被害人过错作为法定量刑情节,在正确认定被害人过错存在的基础上,从其主观罪过、行为程度、侵害客体、对犯罪行为发生的原因力大小等角度予以细化考量影响被害人过错的因素,并通过数理化模型来分析被害人过错对犯罪行为发生的刺激作用,从而正确认定被害人过错对刑事责任的影响,体现罪责刑相适应的基本原则,贯彻宽严相济的刑事政策,充分发挥刑罚的一般预防功能,实现罪刑相当。
Victims’ fault is an important sentencing circumstance stipulated in many criminal legal documents. However, due to the fact that it is not a legal sentencing circumstances, there is a lack of a uniform standard of determination as a discretionary sentencing circumstance and public prosecution law has not paid enough attention to the circumstances, Identified difficulties, and easily lead to imbalance sentencing. The fault of the victim should be taken as the lawful sentencing circumstances. Based on the correct cognizance of the existence of the victim ’s fault, the victim should be carefully considered from the angle of the subjective sin, the degree of conduct, the infringement of the object and the cause of the criminal act, And through the mathematical and physical model to analyze the victim’s fault on the crime of stimulating effect, so as to correctly determine the victim’s fault on the criminal responsibility, embody the basic principles of crime and punishment to adapt to the criminal policy of temper justice and give full play to the general precautionary measures Function, to achieve the same crime.