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目的了解过氯酸铵(AP)职业性危害对作业工人健康的影响,为制定预防措施提供依据。方法选择该厂接触AP的51名作业工人为接触组,不接触AP的41人为对照组。调查工厂的一般情况,检测作业场所中的AP浓度,对两组人群进行健康检查,检测血常规、肝肾功能、甲状腺激素、尿碘含量,进行肺通气功能检查。结果各车间空气中AP浓度均较低。两组人群血压比较,接触组舒张压低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组工人气短症状的检出率(9.80%)高于对照组(0),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组工人尿素氮(BUN)(5.27U/L)高于对照组(4.30U/L),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但二者均在正常范围内而无临床意义;接触组的总甲状腺素(TT4)(65.61ng/ml)水平低于对照组(81.88ng/ml),促甲状腺素(TSH)(3.75mU/L)水平高于对照组(2.68mU/L),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组血清中游离甲状腺素(FT4)(11.67pmol/L)水平低于对照组(13.14pmol/L),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论接触组工人的血清中FT4、TT4水平降低及TSH比对照组升高,可能是接触AP所致。提示,长期接触AP可能会对作业工人甲状腺功能造成影响。
Objective To understand the impact of occupational hazards of ammonium perchlorate (AP) on the health of workers and provide basis for preventive measures. Methods 51 workers who contacted the AP in the factory were selected as the contact group and 41 persons who did not contact with the AP as the control group. The general situation of the factory was surveyed, the concentration of AP in the workplace was detected, the health checkup was performed on the two groups of people, the blood routine, liver and kidney function, thyroid hormone and urinary iodine content were detected and pulmonary ventilation function test was performed. Results The AP concentrations in the air were lower in all workshops. The blood pressure in the two groups was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The detection rate of shortness of breath syndrome in the contact group was higher than that in the control group (0.80%), the difference was statistically significant (BUN) (5.27U / L) in the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group (4.30U / L) (P <0.05), but both were in the normal range (TT4) (65.61ng / ml) in the exposure group was lower than that in the control group (81.88ng / ml) and thyrotropin (TSH) (3.75mU / L) (2.68mU / L), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); the level of free thyroxine (FT4) (11.67pmol / L) in the contact group was lower than that in the control group (13.14pmol / L) Significance (P> 0.05). Conclusion The levels of FT4 and TT4 in the serum of workers in the exposed group are lower than those in the control group, which may be caused by exposure to AP. Tip, long-term exposure to AP may affect workers’ thyroid function.