Aim: Autogenous iliac crest bone graft is frequently used in immediate reconstruction of post ablation defect of benign mandibular pathologies. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review on the complication and failure rates with this technique and factors associated with failure. Methods: The initial literature search in PubMed and Cochrane databases identified 915 articles. Result: Of these, 7 were included in the final review. The majority of the studies were retrospective in nature. These articles encompassed 127 procedures with non-vascularized iliac crest bone graft; with complication rate of 13.3％and failure rate of 3.1％, most complications did not result in failure. All failures were due to infection with no main factor associated with failure. Conclusion: Use of non-vascularized iliac crest bone graft for immediate mandibular reconstruction appears to be associated with low complication and failure rates in carefully selected cases.