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目的了解医院感染呼吸机相关肺炎及其致病菌分布,以便提高防控措施的有效性。方法通过回顾性调查和分析方法,对富阳市中医院住院患者中医院感染呼吸机相关肺炎发病情况和影响因素进行了调查。结果近8年该医院住院患者中有171例实施机械通气,其中发生呼吸机相关肺炎99例,死亡46例,发生率和死亡率分别为57.9%和46.5%。从感染病人标本中检出致病菌146株,铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌居前4位。结论该院实施机械通气病人中呼吸机相关肺炎发病率和死亡率均比较高,感染致病菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,应着重加强防控措施。
Objective To understand the distribution of ventilator-associated pneumonia and its pathogens in hospital infection in order to improve the effectiveness of prevention and control measures. Methods The retrospective investigation and analysis methods were used to investigate the incidence and influencing factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in hospital of Fuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Results 171 hospitalized patients in the recent 8 years underwent mechanical ventilation. Among them, 99 cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia and 46 deaths occurred. The incidence and mortality rates were 57.9% and 46.5% respectively. 146 strains of pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas maltophilia and Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected in the top 4 of the infected patients. Conclusions The morbidity and mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in this hospital are relatively high. Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogens causing infections. Prevention and control measures should be emphasized.