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人工阴道成形术主要用于因先天性或后天性疾病致阴道缺如的患者,手术目的是为重建阴道,解决患者的性生活问题,提高患者的生活质量。人工阴道成形术的术式繁多,经多年的临床实践,目前应用较多的传统术式是Vechietti阴道成形术、乙状结肠阴道成形术、腹膜阴道成形术、皮肤移植阴道成形术。腹腔镜技术与人工阴道成形术结合,使手术逐步微创化;用人工合成组织作人工阴道衬里减少了手术对患者机体的创伤;组织工程学的迅速发展,给阴道再造带来了新的希望。现对近年人工阴道成形术的术式进展作一综述。
Artificial vaginoplasty is mainly used for patients with vaginal absence due to congenital or acquired diseases. The purpose of surgery is to reconstruct the vagina, to solve the problem of sexual life of the patient and to improve the quality of life of the patient. There are many kinds of artificial vaginoplasty. After many years of clinical practice, the most commonly used traditional surgical procedures are Vechietti vaginoplasty, sigmoid colon vaginoplasty, peritoneal vaginoplasty, and skin graft vaginoplasty. Laparoscopy combined with artificial vaginoplasty, the gradual micro-invasive surgery; artificial tissue for artificial vaginal lining to reduce the trauma to the patient’s body; the rapid development of tissue engineering, vaginal reconstruction has brought new hope . In recent years, the progress of artificial vaginoplasty surgery are reviewed.