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目的了解黎平县德风镇流动儿童免疫规划疫苗接种情况,为制定流动儿童免疫策略提供依据。方法采用儿童预防接种管理信息系统导出的数据,随机入户询问儿童家长及查验接种证的方法进行统计分析。结果 0~7岁流动儿童共计4 430名,八种基础免疫规划疫苗单苗接种合格率分别为:卡介苗(BCG)76.48%、麻风疫苗(MR)72.46%、脊髓灰质炎疫苗(OPV)全程71.35%、百白破混合疫苗(DPT)全程45.35%、乙肝疫苗(HepB)全程75.28%、HepB及时接种率47.30%、流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫苗(MenA)67.36%、流行性乙型脑炎疫苗(JE)56.98%、甲肝疫苗(HepA)48.94%。八种基础免疫规划疫苗全程接种合格率37.13%,接种率明显低于常住儿童。结论黎平县德凤镇流动儿童免疫规划疫苗接种率较低,有免疫规划针对性疾病暴发的危险。除要加大资金、人力投入和宣传外,还要建立健全对流动儿童的长效监督管理机制,流动儿童免疫规划工作才能得到落实。
Objective To understand the situation of vaccination of floating children immunization program in Defeng Town, Liping County, and to provide basis for formulating immunization strategy for floating children. Methods The data derived from the management information system of children’s vaccination were randomly selected to inquire about the parents of children and the methods of checking the vaccination certificates for statistical analysis. Results A total of 4 430 floating children aged 0-7 years were vaccinated. The passing rates of BCG vaccines were 76.48% for BCG vaccine, 72.46% for leprosy vaccine and 71.35% for poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) %, DPT 45.35%, HepB 75.28%, HepB 47.30%, Meningococcal meningitis vaccine (MenA) 67.36%, JE vaccine (JE) 56.98%, Hepatitis A vaccine (HepA) 48.94%. The eight kinds of basic immunization vaccine vaccination pass rate of 37.13% throughout the vaccination rate was significantly lower than the resident children. Conclusion There is a low vaccination rate of mobile immunization program in Defeng Town, Liping County, so there is a risk that the immunization program will target the outbreak of the disease. In addition to increasing capital, manpower input and publicity, long-term supervision and management mechanisms for migrant children should also be established and improved so that the work of immunization planning for migrant children can be implemented.