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选用粒径分别为15、30和59μm的SiC颗粒为增强材料,用离心铸造法在766、820℃分别浇铸了复合材料筒状零件,检测了热处理前后试样的硬度和耐磨性。在颗粒层中加工出高80 mm、壁厚2.5 mm的薄壁筒状耐磨衬套。结果表明,在零件的宏观组织断面中形成三层:外层在金属基体中包含有SiC颗粒;中间层为金属基体层,基本没有SiC颗粒;内层包含有氧化皮和气泡,在这三层间有两层清晰的界面,呈骤变式变化。热处理可提高复合材料零件的硬度,有颗粒的外层硬度提高程度小于无颗粒的中间层,时效处理降低了复合材料的耐磨性。
SiC particles with particle sizes of 15, 30 and 59μm were selected as reinforcing materials respectively. The composite cylindrical parts were cast at 766 and 820 ℃ respectively by centrifugal casting method. The hardness and wear resistance of the samples before and after heat treatment were measured. In the particle layer, 80 mm in wall thickness and 2.5 mm in wall thickness were machined. The results show that three layers are formed in the macrostructure section of the part: the outer layer contains SiC particles in the metal matrix; the middle layer is a metal matrix layer and basically has no SiC particles; the inner layer contains oxide scale and air bubbles. There are two layers of clear interface, was a sudden change. Heat treatment can improve the hardness of the composite parts, particles with the outer layer to enhance the degree of hardness is less than the particle-free intermediate layer, aging treatment reduces the wear resistance of the composite material.