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近十几年来,奎屯垦区高砷地下水被广泛用于农业灌溉,会在一定程度上降低改水措施对防治砷地方病的效果。为了解高砷地下水灌溉对居民体内砷累积的影响,选择头发和指甲作为评价指标,通过随机采集样品并用氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定样品中总As及As(Ⅲ)质量比的方式,对奎屯高砷地下水灌溉区居民砷污染健康影响现况进行了研究。结果表明,头发样品中总砷质量比为0.20~1.47μg/g(n=37),其中As(Ⅲ)质量比为0.06~0.67μg/g(n=32);51.35%的样品中总砷质量比高于卫生部标准(0.60μg/g),18.92%高于中国居民头发总砷正常值上限建议值(1.00μg/g),头发总砷质量比随居民居住年限和年龄增大而增大。指甲样品中总砷质量比为0.08~0.35μg/g(n=13),且与头发中总砷质量比呈正相关,当地居民体内呈现缓慢的As蓄积特征。改水30年后,奎屯垦区居民体内仍存在较高的砷水平,高砷地下水灌溉造成的人体健康风险不容忽视。
In recent ten years, the high-arsenic groundwater in Kuitun reclamation area has been widely used in agricultural irrigation, which will reduce the effect of water-diversion measures to control endemic arsenic to a certain extent. In order to understand the effect of high-arsenic groundwater irrigation on the accumulation of arsenic in residents, hair and nails were selected as evaluation indexes. By randomly collecting samples and determining the mass ratio of total As and As (III) in the sample by hydride atomic fluorescence spectrometry, The status of arsenic pollution in arsenic-contaminated groundwater irrigation area was studied. The results showed that the mass ratio of total arsenic in the hair sample was 0.20-1.47μg / g (n = 37), and the As (Ⅲ) mass ratio was 0.06-0.67μg / g (n = 32) (0.60μg / g), 18.92% higher than the recommended upper limit of normal total arsenic content of Chinese hair (1.00μg / g), and the total arsenic content in hair increased with the residential age and age Big. The total mass ratio of arsenic in nails was 0.08-0.35μg / g (n = 13), which was positively correlated with the total mass of arsenic in the hair, while the local residents showed slow accumulation of As. Thirty years after water diversion, there is still a high level of arsenic in the residents of Kuitun reclamation area. The human health risks caused by high-arsenic groundwater irrigation can not be ignored.