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在阿里斯托芬的喜剧《蛙》中,酒神狄奥尼索斯在全剧的三次比赛中均为重要角色。本文讨论在第三次比赛——即埃斯库罗斯与欧里庇得斯关于悲剧艺术的比赛中酒神的形象。最初掩饰自己真实身份,插科打诨,甚至表现愚蠢的酒神,经过去到冥府一路的锻炼和教育,最终担任起了两位悲剧诗人比赛的裁判一责。尽管酒神在裁判过程中依然有些装疯卖傻,但亦谐亦庄,认识到共同体的重要性及诗歌的教育功能。酒神考量了两位诗人在诗艺方面的能力,但最终的选择,却不是基于两位诗人诗歌艺术的高下,而是关乎政治与城邦。经过激烈而有趣的比赛,酒神做出了自己的裁判:改变了自己下到冥府去带回欧里庇得斯的初衷,最终决定带埃斯库罗斯回到阳世。
In the comedy “Frog” of Aristophanes, Dionysus, the god of wine, played an important role in all three plays of the play. This article discusses the appearance of Bacchus in the third match, the competition between Aeschylus and Euripides about the tragedy of art. Initially conceal their true identity, gag, even stupid Dionysus, after going to Hades Fu exercise and education, eventually served as a judge of the two tragedy poet competition responsibility. Although Dionysus is still somewhat foolish during the refereeing process, Dushan is also in harmony with Yizhuang, recognizing the importance of community and the educational function of poetry. Bodhidharma considered the two poets’ abilities in poetic arts. However, the final choice was not based on the poetic art of the two poets but on politics and the city-state. After intense and interesting competition, Dionysus made his own judgment: he changed his mind to bring Euripides back to Hades, and eventually decided to bring Esculus back to the world.