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本试验利用酯酶同工酶为生化指标,研究了水稻三系配套和杂优的遗传机理.结果看出:水稻三系及F_0 胚的酯酶同工酶谱带中1A,4A,7A相对稳定,3A,5A,6A变化较大.出现的互补型都为3·6或5·6互补.凡具有互补酶带的杂种,都表现了一定的优势.3·6互补的杂种多表现为生物学优势.5·6互补的杂种不但具有生物学优势,同时具有产量优势.杂种新增加的酶带往往是5A.本试验证明了酯酶的合成与细胞质有关.杂种(F_0)酶谱的形成是亲本核质双重作用的结果.在互补型中,酶带6A由野生稻细胞质不育系提供,3A和5A由恢复系细胞核提供,因此6A和3A、5A可分别作为质核两方面的代表用于研究核质关系.在三系育种中,可根据酯酶同工酶作为研究杂优的主要生化指标之一.并可根据酶谱效应选配亲本或有意识的创造亲本,为突破粳三系育种创造条件.
In this experiment, the esterase isoenzyme was used as biochemical index to study the genetic mechanism of rice three-line compatibility and heterosis, and the results showed that the esterase isozyme bands of three lines and F_0 embryos in rice were 1A, 4A and 7A Stable, 3A, 5A, 6A changes are larger. The complementary types are 3.6 or 5.6 complementary. Where hybrids with complementary bands, have shown some advantages .3.6 complementary hybrid more performance Biological advantage.5.6Complementary hybrids not only have biological advantages, but also have the yield advantage.The new hybrid enzyme band is often 5A.These experiments proved that the synthesis of esterase and cytoplasm related hybrid (F_0) zymogram Formation is the result of the dual role of the parental nuclei.In the complements, 6A is provided by the cytoplasmic male sterile line, and 3A and 5A are provided by the restorer nucleus, so 6A and 3A, 5A can act as both nuclear Representatives for the study of nuclear and cytoplasm relationship in three lines of breeding, esterase isozyme can be used as one of the main biochemical indicators of hybrid heterosis, and can be based on the zymogram effect of matching parents or consciously to create the parents, to break the japonica Three lines of breeding to create conditions.