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明清时期,有关文学名著的“集评”之作大量涌现,这是文学评点全面繁盛的重要标志。“集评”诞生之始,与“汇评”、“合评”、“辑评”、“评林”等概念呈现混用、交叉的状况。“集评”的发生在版式形态上借鉴了文学经典注疏的“集注”体例、“大全”类书籍的编刊手段等成熟的操作方式,明代出版文化政策的调整、书坊主出于谋利的营销策略和迎合读者心理的市场定位,则成为“集评”之作不断涌现的重要文化背景和外在条件。集评本具有明显的文本优势:便于比较诸家评点,提高文本的受众影响力,辅助读者深入理解文本内涵,具有批评之批评的批评史学意义等。当然,“集评”之作也因自身体例的局限,往往导致文本繁冗、辑录的评点与原始批点讹异等客观缺陷。
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there appeared a large number of “Collection Criticism” in literary works, which is an important symbol of comprehensive and prosperous literary criticism. “Commentary appraisal ” the beginning of the birth, mixed with the concept of “revaluation ”, “commentary ”, “editorial ”, “ ”Commentary “ occurred in the form of morphology, drawing on the literary classics ”Notes “ style, ”Daquan “ class books and other mature means of operation, the adjustment of the publication of cultural policies in the Ming Dynasty, the book Square main profit-making marketing strategy and to meet the reader’s psychological market positioning, it has become a ”collection of evaluation“ for the continuous emergence of important cultural background and external conditions. Book review has obvious textual advantages: it is convenient for comparing various commentaries, improving the audience influence of the text, assisting the reader to understand the meaning of the text in depth, and criticizing the critical historical significance of the criticism. Of course, because of the limitation of its own style, the work of ”Commentary on Criticism" often leads to the objective defects of textual redundancy, incomprehension of editorial comments and original criticisms.