一、政体建构的两种模式距今一百多年之前,面对世界局势的激变以及德国社会转型的现实,马克斯·韦伯(Max Weber)发表了一系列论述,提出了自己关于宪法秩序的设计方案。梳理他的各种主张,可以归结到一个作为出发点的命题,即大国崛起需要强有力的领袖,同时也需要领袖享有民意充分认可的权威;同时为了防止领袖在借助煽动技巧与民粹主义互动过程中出现走火入魔的现象,还需要对政体进行理性的制度安排,以切实维护国家利 First, the two models of constitutional construction A hundred years ago, in the face of the radical changes in the world and the reality of social transformation in Germany, Max Weber published a series of expositions and put forward his own design on the constitutional order Program. To sort out his various claims can be attributed to a proposition as the starting point that the rise of great powers requires strong leaders and that leaders also need the authority of public opinion to be fully endorsed. In the meantime, in order to prevent leaders from engaging in populism with seditious techniques Appear demotivated the phenomenon, but also the need for a rational system of political arrangements, in order to effectively safeguard the national interest