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一般解剖学书上把胃脏远端20%的范围定名为幽门部或胃窦。幽门部粘膜的特点是不含泌酶细胞,此种细胞恰在与胃体部粘膜的交界处即突然消失;它主要由粘液细胞构成。1902年Bayliss 和Starling 从十二指肠粘膜提取出消化道第一个激素——促胰液素(secretin)。这是激素概念在历史上第一次被提出。1906年Edkins受了这个新颖的激素概念的启发,曾注意到幽门部粘膜的组织结构不同于胃体部的粘膜,并用幽门部粘膜提取液给动物静脉注射后,能引起胃液分泌增加。他最后提出理论:食物本身或其化学成分,可刺激幽门部粘膜释放一种活性物质——促胃液素或胃泌素(gastrin);后者通过血液循环作用到胃腺促进其分泌。
The General Anatomy book names the distal 20% of the stomach as the pylorus or antrum. Pyloric mucosa is characterized by the absence of secretory enzyme cells, such cells just at the junction with the gastric mucosa that suddenly disappear; it is mainly composed of mucus cells. 1902 Bayliss and Starling extracted from the duodenal mucosa of the first hormone of the digestive tract - secretin. This is the first time hormones have been proposed in history. Inspired by this novel hormonal concept in 1906, Edkins noticed that the histology of the pylorus mucosa differs from the mucosa of the gastric body and that the pylorus mucosal extract gives rise to an increase in gastric fluid secretion after intravenous injection into the animal. He finally put forward the theory that the food itself or its chemical components can stimulate the mucous membrane of the pylorus to release an active substance, gastrin or gastrin, which acts on the stomach gland to promote its secretion through blood circulation.