清朝末叶,随着国际形势与中日格局的不断演变,国人对日本的认识一变再变,错综复杂,颇为多元。甲午以前,主要停留于表象,缺乏全面、冷静的观察与思考,甲午以后,则日趋客观、理性,然情状更加庞杂,效法、联合、防范日本重叠交织,因人而异,因时不同,随事而变,但随着日本侵华野心日益彰显,国人对日本的防备意识不断增强,并最终走向对抗。 At the end of the Qing Dynasty, with the continuous evolution of the international situation and the pattern of China and Japan, people’s awareness of Japan has changed and changed again and again. It is complicated and quite diverse. Before the noon, the main stop at the appearance, the lack of comprehensive and calm observation and thinking, after the noon, then become more objective and rational, but the situation is more complex, follow the example, joint, prevent overlapping and overlapping in Japan, varies from person to person, due to different times, with the Things changed, but as the Japanese ambitions for invading China became increasingly evident, their awareness of preparedness against Japan was constantly increasing and eventually turned to confrontation.