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我们根据三年试验的结果,吸取传统耕作经验和国内外有关新的科技成就,提出适于晋西北保水肥地的新耕作法——晋西北旱地少耕法。其耕作要点,一是实行轮耕,利用深耕后效作用、变连年翻耕为隔年翻耕;二是表土耕作,松土而不翻土,让有机质在耕层充分富集;三是地面覆盖,尽可能保留残茬,秸秆直接还田;四是轮作倒茬,轮作和轮耕配套,调节耕层水肥平衡;五是改良旧法,耕、耙、耱、锄适时适度,尽量减少水肥损失。一、晋西北旱地少耕法,是根据这一地区特定的气候土壤条件和技术经济条件而提出来的神池、五寨、岢岚、河曲、保德、偏关、宁武、静乐等县,总耕地面积440万亩,旱地占96%,是典型的雨养农业区。无霜期
Based on the results of the three-year trial, drawing on the experience of traditional farming practices and relevant new scientific and technological achievements both at home and abroad, we propose a new tillage method that is suitable for water-saving fertilizers in northwestern Shanxi - a method of reducing tillage in the drylands of northwestern Shanxi. The main points of its farming, one is the implementation of rotary plowing, the use of plowing and after-effects, variable annual succession of tillage for the second year of tillage; second topsoil farming, loosening without soil, so that organic matter fully enriched in tillage; Third, the ground cover , As far as possible to retain the stubble, straw directly back to the field; fourth crop rotation, crop rotation and rotation supporting, adjust the balance of water and fertilizer; fifth is to improve the old method, tillage, rake, hoe, hoe appropriate and timely to minimize water and fertilizer losses. I. The method of reducing tillage in the northwestern Shanxi is based on the specific conditions of the climate and the technical and economic conditions of the area, such as Shenchi, Wuzhai, Huanglan, Hequ, Baode, Piaoguan, Ningwu, Jingle etc. The total cultivated area is 4.4 million mu and dry land accounts for 96%. It is a typical rainfed farming area. Frost-free period