毒蕈碱受体是人体内一种重要的胆碱受体,广泛分布于中枢和周围神经系统、心肌、平滑肌及腺体等组织中,参与机体多种重要的生理功能。设计与合成对M受体产生拮抗或激动作用的化合物已经成为研究能够治疗膀胱过度活动症、呼吸道及支气管疾病、近视和心律失常等疾病药物的重要途径。本文主要介绍了作用于不同M受体亚型拮抗剂的研究进展。 Muscarinic receptors, an important cholinergic receptor in human body, are widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system, myocardium, smooth muscle and gland tissues, and are involved in many important physiological functions of the body. The design and synthesis of compounds that antagonize or agonize M receptors has become an important way to study drugs that can treat overactive bladder, respiratory and bronchial diseases, myopia and arrhythmias. This article mainly introduces the research progress on the antagonists of different M receptor subtypes.