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艾滋病是由艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染所引起的一种传染病,死亡率极高。现HIV感染的医务工作人员已有报道,目前至少有数10例在工作中感染了HIV,由每毫升血液中存在10～50个HIV病毒颗粒,则可造成感染。由于HIV污染针头的针刺而引起的感染可能性在0.3％以上,目前虽然有多种暴露后预防措施及药物,但效果仍有待进一步评价。但各种对预防控制乙型肝炎病毒实验室感染的措施对预防控制HIV都有效。
AIDS is a contagious disease caused by HIV infection and has a high mortality rate. Medical staff now living with HIV have reported that at least a few dozen currently have HIV at work, with infections of 10 to 50 HIV particles per milliliter of blood. The possibility of infection due to acupuncture of HIV-contaminated needles is above 0.3%. Although there are many post-exposure prophylactic measures and drugs, the effect remains to be further evaluated. However, various measures to prevent and control hepatitis B virus laboratory infections are effective for the prevention and control of HIV.