E·卡西尔(Ernst Cassirer,1874—1945),德国人,早年受业于新康德主义马堡学派领袖柯亨门下,从事认识论、科学哲学和逻辑学研究,是柯亨最优秀的学生,他的著作有“马堡学派的学术总结”之称。但在严格的意义上,他不是真正的新康德主义者,在他的第一本独创性著作《实体概念和功能概念》中,已经严重地背叛了马堡学派立场,遭到柯亨的严厉指责。不过,在否认康德的物自体、取消感性认识的客观来源上,则是一致的。他作为康德先验原则的体现者,从两方面发展了康德理论。一是把康德的先天形式从静态的发展为动态的。他认为康德的天才在于看到经验的逻辑结构是先验的,不是经验的。但康德把这些先验结构看成是一成不变的东西,这就错了。在卡西尔看来,先天结构在人的意识中有个“观念 Ernst Cassirer (1874-1945), a German, was one of Cohen’s best students engaged in epistemology, philosophy of science and logic studies under the heading of Cohen, a leader of Neo-Kantian Marbel. The book has “Marple school academic summary” is called. However, in a strict sense, he is not a true neo-Kantian. In his first original book, Concepts of Entities and Functions, he has already betrayed the Marbel School’s position and suffered severely from Cohen Accusation. However, it is consistent in denying Kant’s material self and removing the objective source of perceptual knowledge. As a manifestation of Kant’s transcendental principle, he developed Kant theory from two aspects. First, the development of Kant’s innate form from static to dynamic. He believes that Kant’s genius lies in seeing that the logical structure of experience is transcendental and not empirical. But it is wrong that Kant sees these prior structures as immutable. In Cassirer’s opinion, the innate structure has a concept in human consciousness