二十世纪中国现代小说是在中国百年以来摆脱落后耻辱的现代化进程的历史中展开的 ,同时也在现代四大传播媒体的形成中诞生与成长。传播技术发展与艺术发展之间有着重要的关系。目前对文学阅读与接受的研究大多是从接受的内容进行考察 ,而少有从文学的传播手段或传播方式去分析。然而 ,离开了特定的传播媒介 ,任何文学的接受都是不可能的 ,而不同时代传播媒介的不同特点必然对包括文学艺术在内的人类精神生活方式产生深刻的影响。二十世纪世界文学艺术的大趋势 ,是尽力寻找全新的思维方式、感觉方式和表达方式 ,以开掘现代人类丰富复杂的内心世界及其对外部世界的“掌握”。因此 ,通过各个社会转型时期的各种传播手段对文学生产、文学观念的影响 (本文着重于小说生产与接受的演变 )的分析 ,去考察二十世纪中国小说的命运及其变迁 ,从而思考新的传媒时代的生存处境和文化环境中人们的精神和文化现实 ,尤其是“大众文化”和网络文化对人们的精神生活和文化消费产生的影响 ,以及在“数字化生存”的文化新语境下文学的意义 ,文学的文化身份的建立及当代小说的发展趋势 ,提出文学 (小说 )艺术生存与发展的诸种可能性等等问题 ,这是写作本文的目的 Modern Chinese novels in the 20th century started in the history of the modernization that China has rid itself of backwardness and humiliation for a hundred years. At the same time, it was also born and grew in the formation of the four major modern media. There is an important relationship between the development of communication technologies and the development of the arts. At present, most of the studies on literary reading and acceptance are based on the accepted content, while few are analyzed from literary means of dissemination or communication. However, it is impossible for any literature to be accepted without a specific media, and the different characteristics of the media of different ages inevitably have a profound impact on the spiritual life style of mankind, including literature and art. The general trend of world literature and art in the twentieth century is to try our best to find new way of thinking, feeling and expression so as to explore the rich and complex inner world of modern humans and their mastery of the outside world. Therefore, through the analysis of the influence of various means of communication during the period of social transition on literary production and literary concepts (this article focuses on the evolution of production and acceptance of novels), the thesis examines the fate and the changes of Chinese novels in the 20th century, In the era of media and people’s spiritual and cultural reality in the cultural environment, especially the influence of “popular culture” and internet culture on people’s spiritual life and cultural consumption, as well as the new cultural context of “digital survival” The significance of literature, the establishment of the cultural identity of literature and the development trend of contemporary novels, the various possibilities of the survival and development of literature (novel), and so on, which is the purpose of writing this article