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原编者的内容提要:本文旨在比较冯·贝塔朗菲的一般系统论和波格丹诺夫的组织学(Tekto-logy)。这两种理论都对现实提出了整体论的解释,并声称要解决现有哲学和科学的理论和方法不能解决的问题。文章指出了某些苏联学者对这些理论的性质所持的不正确看法的主要之点,特别是在对组织学的看法方面。所做的比较涉及两种理论总的起源和目的,它们解决组织性(organization)问题的方式,它们的数学处理,以及它们对控制论的调节概念的理解。
The original editor’s summary: This article aims to compare the von Bertalanffy’s general system theory and Bogdanov’s histology (Tekto-logy). Both of these theories present a holistic explanation of reality and claim to solve the problems that can not be solved by the existing philosophical and scientific theories and methods. The article points out the main points of some Soviet scholars’ misperceptions about the nature of these theories, especially in terms of their histories. The comparisons involved both the general origin and purpose of the two theories, the way they deal with organizational problems, their mathematical processing, and their understanding of the notion of cybernetic regulation.