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为了解不同生育时期的问断灌溉对水稻生育及产量的影响,选用两种土壤进行不同施肥量的盆栽试验,水稻分三个不同生育时期进行间断灌溉处理。分蘖期处理的抑制和矿质营养的吸收,增加碳水化合物积累,控制无效分蘖,有效穗数百分率提高20％左右,处理结束后进行常灌,促进矿质营养吸收和碳水化合物的积累。在一般施肥水平下对增加产量效果明显,但低肥水平下反而减产。长穗期间断灌溉也改变根的生态环境,增加矿质营养吸收和碳水化合物的积累,控制无效分蘖,而在施氮量过多时效果更明显,但在一般施肥水平下减少粒数。成熟期间断灌溉对生育的影响与长穗期相同,但提高成熟率,在低肥条件下增加千粒重和产量。由此可见,在不同时期不同施肥条件下,不同土壤的间断灌溉对水稻生育和产量的影响就不同。
In order to understand the effects of intermittent irrigation at different growth stages on the fertility and yield of rice, two soil types were selected for pot experiment with different fertilization rates. Rice was treated with intermittent irrigation in three different growth stages. Inhibition of tillering stage and absorption of mineral nutrients, increase of carbohydrate accumulation and control of ineffective tillers, the percentage of effective panicles increased by about 20%. After treatment, regular irrigation was conducted to promote mineral nutrient absorption and carbohydrate accumulation. In the general level of fertilizers to increase the yield of obvious effect, but lower levels of fertilizers instead of yield. Long-spike intermittent irrigation also changed the root ecological environment, increased mineral nutrient absorption and accumulation of carbohydrates, control of ineffective tillering, but the effect was more obvious when the amount of nitrogen was too much, but decreased in the general fertilization level. The effects of intermittent irrigation on fertility during maturity were the same as those on long-spike, but increased maturity and increased 1000-grain weight and yield under low-fat conditions. Thus, under different fertilization conditions in different periods, the effects of intermittent irrigation of different soils on rice growth and yield were different.